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CVE-2026-40342

CRITICAL
10.0
CVSS 3.1
Description
Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

Metadata

CVE ID
CVE-2026-40342
State
PUBLISHED
Assigner
GitHub_M
Reserved
2026-04-10 22:50 UTC
Published
2026-04-17 19:22 UTC
Last updated
2026-04-22 13:56 UTC
Primary CWE
CWE-22
CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Di…
Vendor / Product
FirebirdSQL / firebird
Sources
cve.org  ·  NVD

Severity & Metrics

10.0 CRITICAL CVSS 3.1
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC — CISA Coordinator
Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Tech. Impact
total
Affected products (1)
VendorProductPlatformVersions
FirebirdSQL firebird — < 3.0.14, >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.7, >= 5.0.0, < 5.0.4
Weakness (CWE)
CWESourceDescription
CWE-22 cna CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CWE-427 cna CWE-427: Uncontrolled Search Path Element
CWE-73 cna CWE-73: External Control of File Name or Path
CWE-94 cna CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVSS scores (1)
ScoreSeverityVersionSourceVector
10.0 CRITICAL 3.1 cna CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
References (4)
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