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CVE-2026-50251

MEDIUM
5.3
CVSS 3.1
Description
In NLnet Labs Unbound up to and including version 1.25.1, when 'unwanted-reply-threshold' is enabled (set to any value greater than zero), glue records of 0.0.0.0/::0 can short-circuit Unbound, on systems that can direct such traffic, by issuing DNS queries and receiving seemingly unwanted replies since the remote IP does not match the original source IP of 0.0.0.0/::0. This behavior keeps on looping for the glue records and pushing the counter to the configured 'unwanted-reply-threshold' that triggers a defensive cache clear. A malicious actor who controls a delegation that returns in-bailiwick glue of 0.0.0.0/::0 can drive the counter to the limit of 'unwanted-reply-threshold' to the threshold and trigger a cache clean of the message and rrset caches; at will, indefinitely, without sending a single spoofed packet. The iterator uses the 0.0.0.0/::0 glue, and a system that can route this (e.g., Linux kernel routes the datagram over loopback), Unbound's own listener answers from 127.0.0.1. Because of the mismatch of 0.0.0.0 and 127.0.0.1, in this example, Unbound accounts the reply as an unwanted (probably spoofed) answer. The counter resets to zero on every cache flush, so the attack loops forever.

Metadata

CVE ID
CVE-2026-50251
State
PUBLISHED
Assigner
NLnet Labs
Reserved
2026-06-22 12:27 UTC
Published
2026-07-22 13:08 UTC
Last updated
2026-07-22 14:34 UTC
Primary CWE
CWE-184
CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Vendor / Product
NLnet Labs / Unbound
Sources
cve.org  ·  NVD

Severity & Metrics

5.3 MEDIUM CVSS 3.1
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SSVC — CISA Coordinator
Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Tech. Impact
partial
Affected products (1)
VendorProductPlatformVersions
NLnet Labs Unbound 0 < 1.25.2
Weakness (CWE)
CWESourceDescription
CWE-184 cna CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
CVSS scores (1)
ScoreSeverityVersionSourceVector
5.3 MEDIUM 3.1 cna CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
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